World Travel Tour Guide Tourism Trip Tip Packages Guide Map Hotels Resorts Accommodation SpasWorld Travel Tour Guide Tourism Trip Tip Packages Guide Map Hotels Resorts Accommodation SpasWorld Travel Tour Guide Tourism Trip Tip Packages Guide Map Hotels Resorts Accommodation SpasWorld Travel Tour Guide Tourism Trip Tip Packages Guide Map Hotels Resorts Accommodation SpasWorld Travel Tour Guide Tourism Trip Tip Packages Guide Map Hotels Resorts Accommodation Spas

Wednesday, October 27, 2010

Petronas Twin Towers Malaysia

BUILDING BIG: Databank: Petronas Towers
Until 1998, the world's tallest skyscraper had always been in the United States. But that year, Malaysia's Petronas Towers laid claim to this distinction. ...
www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/.../petronas_towers.html

Petronas Towers — Infoplease.com
Petronas Towers, twin skyscrapers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, ... The twin towers house Petronas, Malaysia's government-owned oil company, ...
www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0909775.html

Malaysia Petronas Towers photo gallery - 30 high quality pictures ...
The Petronas Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur, named after the Malaysian Petronas industrial group, were the world's tallest building between 1998 and 2004. ...
www.molon.de/galleries/Malaysia/KL/Petronas/

Petronas Twin Towers Malaysia





The Petronas Twin Towers (Malay: Menara Berkembar Petronas) (also known as the Petronas Towers or just Twin Towers), in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia are twin towers and were the world's tallest buildings before being surpassed by Taipei 101. However, the towers are still the tallest twin buildings in the world. They were the world's tallest buildings from 1998 to 2004 if measured from the level of the main entrance to the structural top, the original height reference used by the international organization Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat from 1969 (three additional height categories were introduced as the tower neared completion in 1996).

Comparison with other towers

In accordance to CTBUH, the pinnacles contributed to the overall height of the towers, thus surpassing the Willis Tower.

The Petronas Twin Towers were the tallest buildings in the world until Taipei 101 was completed in 2004, as measured to the top of their structural components (spires, but not antennas).Spires are considered integral parts of the architectural design of buildings, to which changes would substantially change the appearance and design of the building, whereas antennas may be added or removed without such consequences. The Petronas Twin Towers remain the tallest twin buildings in the world.

The Willis Tower and the World Trade Center towers were each constructed with 110 occupied floors – 22 more than the Petronas Twin Towers’ 88 floors. The Willis Tower and the World Trade Center’s roofs and highest occupied floors substantially exceeded the height of the roof and highest floors of the Petronas Twin Towers. The Willis Tower’s tallest antenna is 75 m (246 ft) taller than the Petronas Twin Towers’ spires. However, in accordance to CTBUH regulations and guidelines, the antennas of the Willis Tower were not counted as part of its architectural features. The spires on the Petronas Towers are included in the height since they are not antenna masts. Therefore, the Petronas Twin Towers exceed the official height of the Willis Tower by 10 m, but the Willis Tower has more floors and much higher square footage.

History

Designed by Argentine-American architect César Pelli, the Petronas Towers were completed in 1998 after a seven year build and became the tallest buildings in the world on the date of completion They were built on the site of Kuala Lumpur's race track.Because of the depth of the bedrock, the buildings were built on the world's deepest foundations. The 120-meter foundations were built within 12 months by Bachy Soletanche, and required massive amounts of concrete.

The 88-floor towers are constructed largely of reinforced concrete, with a steel and glass facade designed to resemble motifs found in Islamic art, a reflection of Malaysia's Muslim religion.[10] Another Islamic influence on the design is that the cross section of the towers is based on a Rub el Hizb (albeit with circular sectors added to meet office space requirements).

Due to a lack of steel and the huge cost of importing steel, the towers were constructed on a cheaper radical design of super high-strength reinforced concrete.[12] High-strength concrete is a material familiar to Asian contractors and twice as effective as steel in sway reduction; however, it makes the building twice as heavy on its foundation than a comparable steel building. Supported by 23-by-23 meter concrete cores[13] and an outer ring of widely spaced super columns, the towers use a sophisticated structural system that accommodates its slender profile and provides 560,000 square metres of column-free office space.[14] Below the twin towers is Suria KLCC, a shopping mall, and Dewan Filharmonik Petronas, the home of the Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra.

Other buildings have used spires to increase their height but have always been taller overall to the pinnacle when trying to claim the title. In the aftermath of the controversy, the rules governing official titles were partially overhauled, and a number of buildings re-classified structural antenna as architectural details to boost their height rating (even though nothing was actually done to the building).

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petronas_Twin_Towers

Friday, October 22, 2010

Petra Jordan

The Petra Great Temple | Welcome
Brown University professor emerita Martha Sharp Joukowsky is at present directing the archaeological excavations of the Great Temple at Petra, Jordan. ...
www.brown.edu/Departments/Joukowsky_Institute/Petra/

Petra-Jordan Photo Gallery by Mansour Mouasher at pbase.com
Over 200 photographs of the monuments, area and people.
www.pbase.com/mansour_mouasher/petra

Petra - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
Petra (Jordan). English Français · Login | Not a member yet? ... Petra is half-built, half-carved into the rock, and is surrounded by mountains riddled with ...
whc.unesco.org/en/list/326

Petra Jordan

Petra Jordan
http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/geology/nehru/rocks.html

Petra (Greek "πέτρα" (petra), meaning rock; Arabic: البتراء, Al-Batrāʾ) is a historic and archaeological city in the Jordanian governorate of Ma'an that has rock cut architecture and water conduits system. Established sometime around the 6th century BC as the capital city of the Nabataeans [1], it is a symbol of Jordan as well as its most visited tourism attraction[2]. It lies on the slope of Mount Hor[3] in a basin among the mountains which form the eastern flank of Arabah (Wadi Araba), the large valley running from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Aqaba. Petra was chosen as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in 2007 and a World Heritage Site since 1985. Petra was chosen by the BBC as one of "the 10 places you have to see before you die".

The site remained unknown to the Western world until 1812, when it was introduced to the West by Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt. It was described as "a rose-red city half as old as time" in a Newdigate Prize-winning sonnet by John William Burgon. UNESCO has described it as "one of the most precious cultural properties of man's cultural heritage."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petra


Sunday, October 17, 2010

Colosseum Rome Italy Travel

ItalyGuides.it: The Roman Colosseum Rome Italy - Coliseum, Rome Italy
Virtual Rome: a travel guide of Roman Colosseum including audio guide, pictures, movies, history, ... ItalyGuides.it: Italy virtual travel - map of Italy.
www.italyguides.it/us/roma/colosseum.htm

The Colosseum in Rome, Colosseum Tours & Ancient Rome Tours ...
Ancient Rome and the Colosseum in Rome, Roman Colosseum tours and Colosseum tickets ... Location: Rome, Italy. Read all 36 traveler reviews; Add to wishlist ...
www.viator.com/Rome/d511/the-colosseum

ItalyGuides.it: The Roman Colosseum Rome Italy - Coliseum, Rome Italy
Virtual Rome: a travel guide of Roman Colosseum including audio guide, pictures, movies, history, ... ItalyGuides.it: Italy virtual travel - map of Italy.
www.italyguides.it/us/roma/colosseum.htm

Tuesday, October 5, 2010

North America Travel Barnsley

North America Travel Service | Contact Information
A North America Travel Service expert will reply to your email promptly. > LONDON ... barnsley@nats-uk.com. > ABERDEEN address info. 209 Union Street, ...
www.northamericatravelservice.co.uk/contact_us.asp

Local Travel Agents and Holiday Companies covering Barnsley
Barnsley Bus Co. Ltd. 60 Eldon Street, Barnsley, South Yorkshire, S70 2JL 01226 299900. North America Travel Services 4a The Arcade, Barnsley, ...
www.zettai.net/... /barnsley/travel-agents-and-holiday-companies

Travel BARNSLEY
Results for Travel in Barnsley, travel reviews. Travel Barnsley and results for travel ... NORTH AMERICA TRAVEL SERVICES S70 1SN BARNSLEY, 48 MARKET STREET ...
www.cylex-uk.co.uk/barnsley/travel.html

North America Travel Barnsley

North America Travel Barnsley
http://www.bahighlife.com/Hotels-And-Spas/Cirencester-Barnsley-House.html








View Larger Map